A novel architecture for 5G ultra dense heterogeneous cellular network

The mounting use of wireless devices and wide range applications in an ultra-dense heterogeneous wireless network has directed to the challenging circumstances that could not be handled till 4G. In order to deal with the critical challenges, the fifth generation (5G) wireless network architecture requires an efficient well-organized wireless network. In this paper, a novel architecture for the 5G ultra-dense heterogeneous cellular network is proposed. In the proposed architecture two main aspects, massive MIMO-OFDMA and IP-based vertical handover are considered. In order to have full network coverage, the whole macro area network is divided into the microcells and each microcell is further divided into the smaller cells. The heterogeneity of different types of base stations (macro area network base station, micro-cell base station, and small cell base station) provides efficient network coverage. By reducing the area of the cell, the frequency efficiency and network coverage are improved. All the base stations are equipped with the massive MIMO-OFDMA antennas and different radio access technologies so a single wireless device can switch from one radio access technology to the other. In order to prevent the link disconnection and save IP address, whenever wireless devices need to perform vertical handover first a new connection is established with new radio access technology. It is important to note the same IP address is used whereas the current connection is disconnected. By utilizing IP-based vertical handover, the new 5G wireless network can become the principal goal of service continuity and minimize the handover processing delay. The simulation results show the improvement in the network performance.