TY - JOUR
T1 - A decoding-complexity and rate-controlled video-coding algorithm for HEVC
AU - Mallikarachchi, Thanuja
AU - Talagala, Dumidu
AU - Arachchi, Hemantha Kodikara
AU - Hewage, Chaminda
AU - Fernando, Anil
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors.
PY - 2020/7/16
Y1 - 2020/7/16
N2 - Video playback on mobile consumer electronic (CE) devices is plagued by fluctuations in the network bandwidth and by limitations in processing and energy availability at the individual devices. Seen as a potential solution, the state-of-the-art adaptive streaming mechanisms address the first aspect, yet the efficient control of the decoding-complexity and the energy use when decoding the video remain unaddressed. The quality of experience (QoE) of the end-users' experiences, however, depends on the capability to adapt the bit streams to both these constraints (i.e., network bandwidth and device's energy availability). As a solution, this paper proposes an encoding framework that is capable of generating video bit streams with arbitrary bit rates and decoding-complexity levels using a decoding-complexity-rate-distortion model. The proposed algorithm allocates rate and decoding-complexity levels across frames and coding tree units (CTUs) and adaptively derives the CTU-level coding parameters to achieve their imposed targets with minimal distortion. The experimental results reveal that the proposed algorithm can achieve the target bit rate and the decoding-complexity with 0.4% and 1.78% average errors, respectively, for multiple bit rate and decoding-complexity levels. The proposed algorithm also demonstrates a stable frame-wise rate and decoding-complexity control capability when achieving a decoding-complexity reduction of 10.11 (%/dB). The resultant decoding-complexity reduction translates into an overall energy-consumption reduction of up to 10.52 (%/dB) for a 1 dB peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) quality loss compared to the HM 16.0 encoded bit streams.
AB - Video playback on mobile consumer electronic (CE) devices is plagued by fluctuations in the network bandwidth and by limitations in processing and energy availability at the individual devices. Seen as a potential solution, the state-of-the-art adaptive streaming mechanisms address the first aspect, yet the efficient control of the decoding-complexity and the energy use when decoding the video remain unaddressed. The quality of experience (QoE) of the end-users' experiences, however, depends on the capability to adapt the bit streams to both these constraints (i.e., network bandwidth and device's energy availability). As a solution, this paper proposes an encoding framework that is capable of generating video bit streams with arbitrary bit rates and decoding-complexity levels using a decoding-complexity-rate-distortion model. The proposed algorithm allocates rate and decoding-complexity levels across frames and coding tree units (CTUs) and adaptively derives the CTU-level coding parameters to achieve their imposed targets with minimal distortion. The experimental results reveal that the proposed algorithm can achieve the target bit rate and the decoding-complexity with 0.4% and 1.78% average errors, respectively, for multiple bit rate and decoding-complexity levels. The proposed algorithm also demonstrates a stable frame-wise rate and decoding-complexity control capability when achieving a decoding-complexity reduction of 10.11 (%/dB). The resultant decoding-complexity reduction translates into an overall energy-consumption reduction of up to 10.52 (%/dB) for a 1 dB peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) quality loss compared to the HM 16.0 encoded bit streams.
KW - Decoding-complexity control
KW - Decoding-complexity-rate-distortion
KW - Decoding-energy
KW - Energy consumption control
KW - HEVC
KW - Rate control
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85089600875&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/FI12070120
DO - 10.3390/FI12070120
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85089600875
SN - 1999-5903
VL - 12
JO - Future Internet
JF - Future Internet
IS - 7
M1 - 120
ER -