Polymer-enhanced concrete: A comprehensive review of innovations and pathways for resilient and sustainable materials

This study explores the enhanced performance and sustainability of polymer enhanced concrete, focusing on polymer concrete (PC) by incorporating synthetic polymers, including polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride. Distinguished by synthetic polymeric binders, PC demonstrates superior attributes, such as improved strength-to-weight ratios, durability, and chemical resistance, surpassing traditional concrete. The study delves into advanced applications of PC, focusing on structural durability and circular economy principles. It reviews the integration of recycled materials into PC, addressing challenges in curing kinetics and shrinkage-cracking prevention. Recent findings on the mechanical and durability properties of PC composites are discussed, with implications for sustainable construction. Future directions advocate for multidisciplinary innovation in sustainable polymeric binders and optimized mixture designs. The environmental impact is thoroughly analyzed, emphasizing life cycle assessment, recyclability, and carbon footprint reduction. Conclusively, the research suggests avenues for reducing the carbon footprint of polymer-based concrete with a major focus on comprehensive risk assessment, particularly in the sustainable use of plastic waste in concrete production and road construction.