Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on routine vaccine landscape: A global perspective

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) threat is subsiding through extensive vaccination worldwide. However, the pandemic imposed major disruptions in global immunization programs and has aggravated the risks of vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) outbreaks. Particularly, lower-middle-income regions with minimal vaccine coverage and circulating vaccine-derived viral strains, such as polio, suffered additional burden of accumulated zero-dose children, further making them vulnerable to VPDs. However, there is no compilation of routine immunization disruptions and recovery prospects. There is a noticeable change in the routine vaccination coverage across different phases of the pandemic in six distinct global regions. We have summarized the impact of COVID-19 on routine global vaccination programs and also identified the prospects of routine immunization to combat COVID-like outbreaks.