TY - JOUR
T1 - Forces experienced at different levels of the musculoskeletal system during horizontal decelerations
AU - Verheul, Jasper
AU - Harper, Damian
AU - Robinson, Mark A
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
PY - 2024/11/15
Y1 - 2024/11/15
N2 - Horizontal decelerations are frequently performed during team sports and are closely linked to sports performance and injury. This study aims to provide a comprehensive description of the kinetic demands of decelerations at the whole-body, structural, and tissue-specific levels of the musculoskeletal system. Team-sports athletes performed maximal-effort horizontal decelerations whilst full-body kinematics and ground reaction forces (GRFs) were recorded. A musculoskeletal model was used to determine whole-body (GRFs), structural (ankle, knee, and hip joint moments and contact forces), and tissue (twelve lower-limb muscle forces) loads. External GRFs in this study, especially in the horizontal direction, were up to six times those experienced during accelerated or constant-speed running reported in the literature. To cope with these high external forces, large joint moments (hip immediately after touchdown; ankle and knee during mid and late stance) and contact forces (ankle, knee, hip immediately after touchdown) were observed. Furthermore, eccentric force requirements of the tibialis anterior, soleus, quadriceps, and gluteal muscles were particularly high. The presented loading patterns provide the first empirical explanations for why decelerating movements are amongst the most challenging in team sports and can help inform deceleration-specific training prescription to target horizontal deceleration performance, or fatigue and injury resistance in team-sports athletes.
AB - Horizontal decelerations are frequently performed during team sports and are closely linked to sports performance and injury. This study aims to provide a comprehensive description of the kinetic demands of decelerations at the whole-body, structural, and tissue-specific levels of the musculoskeletal system. Team-sports athletes performed maximal-effort horizontal decelerations whilst full-body kinematics and ground reaction forces (GRFs) were recorded. A musculoskeletal model was used to determine whole-body (GRFs), structural (ankle, knee, and hip joint moments and contact forces), and tissue (twelve lower-limb muscle forces) loads. External GRFs in this study, especially in the horizontal direction, were up to six times those experienced during accelerated or constant-speed running reported in the literature. To cope with these high external forces, large joint moments (hip immediately after touchdown; ankle and knee during mid and late stance) and contact forces (ankle, knee, hip immediately after touchdown) were observed. Furthermore, eccentric force requirements of the tibialis anterior, soleus, quadriceps, and gluteal muscles were particularly high. The presented loading patterns provide the first empirical explanations for why decelerating movements are amongst the most challenging in team sports and can help inform deceleration-specific training prescription to target horizontal deceleration performance, or fatigue and injury resistance in team-sports athletes.
KW - Adult
KW - Ankle Joint - physiology
KW - Biomechanical Phenomena
KW - Braking performance
KW - Deceleration
KW - Hip Joint - physiology
KW - Humans
KW - Knee Joint - physiology
KW - Lower Extremity - physiology
KW - Male
KW - Muscle, Skeletal - physiology
KW - Musculoskeletal System
KW - Running - physiology
KW - Team Sports
KW - Young Adult
KW - joint loading
KW - muscle forces
KW - musculoskeletal demands
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85209888573&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/02640414.2024.2428086
DO - 10.1080/02640414.2024.2428086
M3 - Article
C2 - 39545586
SN - 0264-0414
VL - 42
SP - 2242
EP - 2253
JO - Journal of Sports Sciences
JF - Journal of Sports Sciences
IS - 23
ER -